Colorado, with its diverse landscapes ranging from high-altitude mountains to arid plains, is home to a surprising variety of snakes. While many fear snakes, understanding the different species found in the state can help foster appreciation and promote responsible coexistence. This guide will explore the types of snakes found in Colorado, addressing common concerns and providing identification tips. It's important to remember that while most Colorado snakes are harmless, it's crucial to observe them from a safe distance and never attempt to handle them.
What are the Most Common Snakes in Colorado?
Several snake species are commonly encountered across Colorado's varied ecosystems. These include:
-
Great Basin Gophersnake ( Pituophis catenifer deserticola): This large, non-venomous snake is often mistaken for a rattlesnake due to its patterned coloring and tendency to vibrate its tail when threatened. It's a crucial predator in controlling rodent populations. Look for its large size (up to 6 feet), keeled scales, and often a distinct reddish-brown hue.
-
Bullsnake ( Pituophis catenifer sayi): Another large, non-venomous constrictor, the bullsnake is known for its similar appearance to the Great Basin Gophersnake, though they may have subtle differences in coloration and pattern. They play a significant role in regulating rodent populations.
-
Western Terrestrial Garter Snake (Thamnophis elegans): These are common, slender snakes often found near water sources. They are easily recognized by their three longitudinal stripes, though the coloration can vary significantly. They primarily feed on amphibians and small fish.
-
Plains Garter Snake (Thamnophis radix): Similar in appearance to the Western Terrestrial Garter Snake, Plains Garter Snakes tend to have a more defined pattern and are found in a broader range of habitats, including grasslands and meadows.
Are There Venomous Snakes in Colorado?
Yes, Colorado is home to several venomous snakes, though encounters are relatively rare. It’s vital to be able to identify them:
-
Prairie Rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis): This is the most commonly encountered venomous snake in Colorado. It's identifiable by its characteristic rattle at the end of its tail, as well as its heat-sensing pits located between its eyes and nostrils. They inhabit various environments, including grasslands and rocky areas.
-
Western Rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus): Another venomous species, the Western Rattlesnake shows regional variations in coloration and patterning, making identification sometimes challenging. Like the prairie rattlesnake, it possesses a rattle and heat-sensing pits.
How Can I Identify a Snake in Colorado?
Identifying a snake correctly requires careful observation and attention to detail. Consider these features:
- Size and Shape: Note the snake's overall length and body shape (slender, stout, etc.).
- Color and Pattern: Record the precise colors and markings, including stripes, bands, or spots. Take photographs if possible.
- Head Shape: Observe the shape of the head (triangular for venomous, typically more rounded for non-venomous). The presence of heat-sensing pits is a strong indicator of venomous species.
- Scales: Examine the scales for characteristics like keeled (ridged) or smooth.
- Location: The geographic location where you saw the snake can help narrow down possibilities.
What Should I Do if I Encounter a Snake in Colorado?
- Observe from a Safe Distance: Admire the snake from afar; never approach or attempt to handle it.
- Give it Space: Allow the snake to move away naturally.
- Educate Yourself: Use resources like field guides or online databases to improve your identification skills.
- Seek Medical Attention if Bitten: If bitten by a snake, seek immediate medical attention. Try to remember as many identifying features as possible.
What is the most dangerous snake in Colorado?
While all venomous snakes pose a risk, the Prairie Rattlesnake and Western Rattlesnake are the most dangerous snakes in Colorado due to their venom's potency and their relatively common presence. The severity of a bite depends on several factors, including the amount of venom injected, the victim's health, and the location of the bite. Immediate medical attention is crucial in any venomous snake bite scenario.
Are there any non-venomous snakes in Colorado I should be wary of?
While non-venomous snakes cannot inject venom, they can still inflict a painful bite if they feel threatened. Larger constrictors like the Great Basin Gophersnake and Bullsnake possess powerful jaws and can deliver a significant bite. Always observe these snakes from a safe distance.
This guide provides a starting point for learning about Colorado's diverse snake population. Further research using reputable field guides and online resources is encouraged to enhance your understanding and promote safe and responsible interactions with these fascinating creatures. Remember, responsible observation and appreciation are key to coexisting peacefully with Colorado's wildlife.
