Atlanta, Georgia, boasts a diverse ecosystem, and that includes a variety of snake species. Understanding which snakes call Atlanta home, how to identify them, and how to safely coexist is crucial for both residents and visitors. This comprehensive guide explores the common snakes found in the Atlanta area, addressing safety concerns and dispelling common myths.
What Kinds of Snakes Live in Atlanta?
Atlanta's climate and diverse habitats support a range of snakes, from harmless garter snakes to venomous copperheads. Some of the most frequently encountered species include:
- Eastern Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis): These are non-venomous, slender snakes with distinctive stripes. They're often found near water sources and are generally shy.
- Black Rat Snake (Pantherophis obsoletus): A large, non-venomous snake, often mistaken for a venomous species due to its size and coloration. They are excellent climbers and commonly found in trees and around buildings.
- Corn Snake (Pantherophis guttatus): Another non-venomous snake, often kept as pets. They are relatively small to medium-sized and have attractive patterns. While occasionally found in the wild in Atlanta, they're less common than rat snakes or garter snakes.
- Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix): This is a venomous pit viper, identifiable by its distinctive copper-colored head and hourglass-shaped markings on its back. They are relatively shy but should be avoided.
- Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus): Also known as a water moccasin, this venomous pit viper is found near water sources. They are aggressive if cornered. While present in Georgia, they are less common in the immediate Atlanta metro area compared to copperheads.
- Eastern Hognose Snake (Heterodon platirhinos): A non-venomous snake known for its upturned snout and dramatic defensive displays, including puffing up and playing dead.
Are Snakes in Atlanta Dangerous?
While several venomous snakes inhabit the Atlanta area, encounters are relatively rare. Most snake bites occur when people try to handle or kill a snake. The most important thing to remember is to give snakes space. If you see a snake, observe it from a safe distance and allow it to move on its own.
How Can I Identify Venomous Snakes in Atlanta?
Identifying venomous snakes requires careful observation. Key features to look for in venomous species like copperheads and cottonmouths include:
- Triangular Head: Venomous snakes often have a distinctly triangular-shaped head.
- Heat-Sensing Pits: Pit vipers (copperheads and cottonmouths) have heat-sensing pits located between their eyes and nostrils.
- Vertical Pupils (Elliptical): Venomous snakes typically have vertical, elliptical pupils, unlike the round pupils of most non-venomous snakes.
- Distinct Markings: Look for specific patterns like the hourglass markings on a copperhead.
What Should I Do if I See a Snake in My Yard?
If you encounter a snake on your property, remain calm and avoid approaching it. Give the snake ample space to retreat. If you are concerned about a snake in a location that poses a risk, contact a local wildlife removal service. Never attempt to handle or kill a snake yourself.
What Should I Do if I'm Bitten by a Snake?
If you are bitten by a snake, seek immediate medical attention. Try to remember the snake's appearance to aid in identification, but do not attempt to capture the snake. Remain calm, and follow the advice of medical professionals.
How Can I Prevent Snakes from Entering My Home?
Several measures can help minimize the risk of snakes entering your home:
- Seal cracks and gaps: Pay close attention to openings around windows, doors, and foundations.
- Keep your yard clean: Remove debris, tall grass, and woodpiles that can provide shelter for snakes.
- Secure pet food: Store pet food indoors to avoid attracting rodents, which snakes prey upon.
What is the Best Way to Deal with Snakes in Atlanta?
The best approach to snakes in Atlanta is one of coexistence and respect. Understanding the different species, recognizing potential dangers, and taking preventative measures can greatly reduce the chances of conflict. Remember, most snakes are beneficial to the ecosystem, helping control rodent populations. By practicing responsible coexistence, both humans and snakes can thrive in the Atlanta area.
